Separate model cost from product cost
Token or inference charges are recurring operating costs. Product design, frontend/backend engineering, data access, integrations and production infrastructure are development costs. They should not be blended into one vague “AI cost.”
Evaluation is a first-class workstream
If quality cannot be measured, teams end up tuning prompts by anecdote. Representative cases, expected behavior and error taxonomies create a much better foundation for model and retrieval decisions.
RAG adds a data/retrieval system
Ingestion, permissions, chunking, indexing, ranking, citation UX and freshness all add scope. RAG can improve grounding, but it is not a free toggle.
Agents add tool and control architecture
Tool APIs, permissions, state, memory, approval, retry/recovery and audit increase system complexity. More autonomy is not always more value.
Latency and cost are product constraints
Model choice, prompt/context size, retrieval depth, tool calls and multimodal inputs all affect response time and operating cost. Product UX should account for that behavior.
Prototype cheaply, productionize selectively
Use the prototype to learn where AI creates value and where it fails. Production investment should follow evidence: add stronger retrieval, evaluation, controls and integrations to the workflows that earned it.